This example shows how to format DateTime using String.Format method. All formatting can be done also using DateTime.ToString method.
Custom DateTime Formatting
There are following custom format specifiers y (year),M (month), d (day), h (hour 12),H (hour 24), m (minute), s (second),f (second fraction), F (second fraction, trailing zeroes are trimmed), t (P.M or A.M) and z(time zone).
Following examples demonstrate how are the format specifiers rewritten to the output.
[csharp]
// create date time 2008-03-09 16:05:07.123
DateTime dt = new DateTime(2008, 3, 9, 16, 5, 7, 123);
String.Format(“{0:y yy yyy yyyy}”, dt); // “8 08 008 2008” year
String.Format(“{0:M MM MMM MMMM}”, dt); // “3 03 Mar March” month
String.Format(“{0:d dd ddd dddd}”, dt); // “9 09 Sun Sunday” day
String.Format(“{0:h hh H HH}”, dt); // “4 04 16 16” hour 12/24
String.Format(“{0:m mm}”, dt); // “5 05” minute
String.Format(“{0:s ss}”, dt); // “7 07” second
String.Format(“{0:f ff fff ffff}”, dt); // “1 12 123 1230” sec.fraction
String.Format(“{0:F FF FFF FFFF}”, dt); // “1 12 123 123” without zeroes
String.Format(“{0:t tt}”, dt); // “P PM” A.M. or P.M.
String.Format(“{0:z zz zzz}”, dt); // “-6 -06 -06:00” time zone
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You can use also date separator / (slash) and time sepatator : (colon). These characters will be rewritten to characters defined in the current DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator and DateTimeFormatInfo.TimeSeparator.
[csharp]
// date separator in german culture is “.” (so “/” changes to “.”)
String.Format(“{0:d/M/yyyy HH:mm:ss}”, dt); // “9/3/2008 16:05:07” – english (en-US)
String.Format(“{0:d/M/yyyy HH:mm:ss}”, dt); // “9.3.2008 16:05:07” – german (de-DE)
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Here are some examples of custom date and time formatting:
[csharp]
// month/day numbers without/with leading zeroes
String.Format(“{0:M/d/yyyy}”, dt); // “3/9/2008”
String.Format(“{0:MM/dd/yyyy}”, dt); // “03/09/2008”
// day/month names
String.Format(“{0:ddd, MMM d, yyyy}”, dt); // “Sun, Mar 9, 2008”
String.Format(“{0:dddd, MMMM d, yyyy}”, dt); // “Sunday, March 9, 2008”
// two/four digit year
String.Format(“{0:MM/dd/yy}”, dt); // “03/09/08”
String.Format(“{0:MM/dd/yyyy}”, dt); // “03/09/2008”
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Standard DateTime Formatting
In DateTimeFormatInfo there are defined standard patterns for the current culture. For example property ShortTimePatternis string that contains value h:mm tt for en-US culture and value HH:mm for de-DE culture.
Following table shows patterns defined in DateTimeFormatInfo and their values for en-US culture. First column contains format specifiers for the String.Format method.
| Specifier |
DateTimeFormatInfo property |
Pattern value (for en-US culture) |
t |
ShortTimePattern |
h:mm tt |
d |
ShortDatePattern |
M/d/yyyy |
T |
LongTimePattern |
h:mm:ss tt |
D |
LongDatePattern |
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy |
f |
(combination of D and t) |
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy h:mm tt |
F |
FullDateTimePattern |
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy h:mm:ss tt |
g |
(combination of d and t) |
M/d/yyyy h:mm tt |
G |
(combination of d and T) |
M/d/yyyy h:mm:ss tt |
m, M |
MonthDayPattern |
MMMM dd |
y, Y |
YearMonthPattern |
MMMM, yyyy |
r, R |
RFC1123Pattern |
ddd, dd MMM yyyy HH':'mm':'ss 'GMT' (*) |
s |
SortableDateTimePattern |
yyyy'-'MM'-'dd'T'HH':'mm':'ss (*) |
u |
UniversalSortableDateTimePattern |
yyyy'-'MM'-'dd HH':'mm':'ss'Z' (*) |
|
|
(*) = culture independent |
Following examples show usage of standard format specifiersin String.Format method and the resulting output.
[csharp]
// create date time 2008-03-09 16:05:07.123
DateTime dt = new DateTime(2008, 3, 9, 16, 5, 7, 123);
String.Format(“{0:y yy yyy yyyy}”, dt); // “8 08 008 2008” year
String.Format(“{0:M MM MMM MMMM}”, dt); // “3 03 Mar March” month
String.Format(“{0:d dd ddd dddd}”, dt); // “9 09 Sun Sunday” day
String.Format(“{0:h hh H HH}”, dt); // “4 04 16 16” hour 12/24
String.Format(“{0:m mm}”, dt); // “5 05” minute
String.Format(“{0:s ss}”, dt); // “7 07” second
String.Format(“{0:f ff fff ffff}”, dt); // “1 12 123 1230” sec.fraction
String.Format(“{0:F FF FFF FFFF}”, dt); // “1 12 123 123” %
[/csharp]
za pomocą String Format for DateTime C#.